PMI

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The PMI (Precision Medicine Initiative) is an initiative funded by the NIH (National Institutes of Health) : NIH PMI, announced in early 2015 by President Barack Obama. Francis Collins, the director of the NIH and a key player in the human genome project, and others, have had a vision of precision medicine for at least a few years, but the technology (both informatics and genomic testing) have finally reached a point where such medicine is feasible for many patients, with funding of course. =Definitions=.

  • Precision, or personalized, medicine: although these terms are often used interchangeably, in this initiative they are referring to the general definition of delivering tailored care to each patient using data specific to each patient, i.e., "...taking individual variability into account."[1] Genomic is probably the most often thought of type of data used for this purpose, although similar types of data such as metabolomics, and other types of data such as data gathered from a patient's mobile device, for example environmental exposure data based on where a patient lives, works, and visits, could certainly also be used to deliver more precise medical care.
  • Genomic data definitions:
    • Phenotype and genotype: a phenotype is a disease or trait that arises in an individual due to a combination of his/her genotype(s), and environment. A genotype is the part of an individual's genetic profile that at least in part determines a given phenotype.
    • Pharmacogenomics is the use of genotypes to predict the right dose of the right drug at the right time for each patient. It takes advantage of the fact that many genes encode for proteins in metabolic pathways that determine how a drug will be metabolized by a given individual depending on their genetic profile, and also that some genes can make us susceptible, in other ways as well, to various possible adverse effects of drugs.
  • Metabolomics is similar to pharmacogenomics but has broader applications such as tailored nutrition

Informatics needs

  • return of results
  • CDS
  • eHealth
  • Research

Potential impact

  • on clinical care
  • on research

See also

other related pages on this wiki that do not fit elsewhere on this page

References

  1. Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D., and Harold Varmus, M.D., A New Initiative on Precision Medicine, N Engl J Med 2015; 372:793-795, February 26, 2015. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1500523

External links


Submitted by Jennifer Allen Pacheco